✅ Low-Alloy Steel Grades Chart: Compare Strengths, Elements & Uses
Low-alloy steels play a crucial role in industries requiring enhanced mechanical performance without the high cost of exotic alloys. This low-alloy steel grades chart outlines key grades, their compositions, and applications—making material selection easier and more accurate.
🧪 What Is Low-Alloy Steel?
Low-alloy steel contains small amounts (typically 1% to 5%) of alloying elements such as chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), and vanadium (V) to improve properties like:
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Yield strength
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Toughness
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Corrosion resistance
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Hardenability
These steels are often used in construction, automotive, energy, mining, and military applications.
📊 Low-Alloy Steel Grades Chart
| Grade | Standard | Carbon (%) | Key Alloys | Strength (MPa) | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AISI 4130 | SAE | 0.28–0.33 | Cr, Mo | 560–670 | Aerospace tubing, oil & gas parts |
| AISI 4140 | SAE | 0.38–0.43 | Cr, Mo | 655–1080 | Shafts, crankshafts, gears |
| AISI 4340 | SAE | 0.38–0.43 | Ni, Cr, Mo | 745–1180 | Landing gear, powertrain components |
| ASTM A572 | ASTM | 0.21 max | Nb, V | 450–550 | Structural beams, bridges |
| ASTM A514 | ASTM | 0.12–0.21 | Cr, Mn, Mo | 690–895 | Mining equipment, armor plate |
| ASTM A656 | ASTM | V, Nb, Ti | Cr, Mo | 550–620 | Trucks, trailer frames, heavy tools |
| SAE 8620 | SAE | 0.18–0.23 | Ni, Cr, Mo | 500–600 | Gears, shafts, bushings |
⚙️ Classification by Application
🔹 Construction & Structural
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ASTM A572 – High strength, weldable
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ASTM A709 – Bridge steel with corrosion resistance
🔹 Automotive & Machinery
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AISI 4140 / 4340 – Gears, axles, high-stress components
🔹 Pressure Vessels & Heat-Resistant
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ASTM A387 (Gr. 11, 22) – Used in petrochemical industries
🔹 Aerospace & Energy
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AISI 4130 – Tubing, energy systems
✅ Advantages of Low-Alloy Steels
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Better strength-to-weight ratio than plain carbon steels
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Improved toughness and hardenability
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Greater corrosion and fatigue resistance
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More cost-effective than stainless or high-alloy steels
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📩 Reach out to us today for datasheets, pricing, and technical support.
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