Pressure Vessel Steel Plate
Pressure vessel steel plates are specialized steel products designed for use in fabricating pressure vessels, boilers, and storage tanks. These plates are manufactured to withstand high-pressure environments, extreme temperatures, and potential exposure to corrosive substances. They are engineered for applications that demand high safety and reliability, especially in industries such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and power generation. Pressure Vessel Steel Plate manufacturer in Mumbai.
Key Features of Pressure Vessel Steel Plates
- High Strength: These plates are designed to endure high internal pressures without deformation or rupture.
- Good Ductility: Ensures the plates can be shaped and welded without cracking or compromising structural integrity.
- Temperature Resistance: Suitable for both high-temperature and cryogenic applications.
- Corrosion Resistance: Protects against chemical reactions and oxidation in harsh environments.
- Standard Compliance: Produced in accordance with global standards like ASTM, ASME, EN, and JIS.
Typical Dimensions
Pressure vessel steel plates are available in a range of dimensions to cater to different industrial needs. Below are the common specifications:
| Parameter | Range |
|---|---|
| Thickness | 6 mm to 250 mm |
| Width | 1,500 mm to 4,500 mm |
| Length | 3,000 mm to 18,000 mm |
| Standard Sizes | According to ASTM, ASME, EN, and JIS standards |
Plates exceeding these ranges are often custom-produced for specific applications.
Applications
Pressure vessel steel plates are widely used across industries that handle pressurized fluids or gases. Common applications include:
- Petrochemical and Chemical Industry:
- Storage tanks for crude oil, LNG, and LPG.
- Reactors, separators, and columns.
- Power Generation:
- Boilers, heat exchangers, and superheaters.
- Components for nuclear power plants.
- Oil and Gas Industry:
- High-pressure vessels and offshore platforms.
- Hydrogen storage tanks.
- Food and Beverage Industry:
- Sterilizers and pressurized cooking tanks.
- Pharmaceutical Industry:
- Autoclaves and chemical reactors for drug manufacturing.
Common Grades of Pressure Vessel Steel Plate
Pressure vessel steel plates are produced in various grades, depending on the required mechanical properties and applications. Below is a table highlighting commonly used grades:
| Standard | Grade | Applications | Key Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM | A516 Grade 60/70 | Boilers, pressure tanks | High strength, excellent weldability |
| ASTM | A537 Class 1/2 | Heat exchangers, pressure vessels | Enhanced toughness and tensile strength |
| EN | P265GH | Boilers, heat exchangers | High-temperature resistance, good weldability |
| EN | P355NH/NL1/NL2 | Cryogenic tanks, storage tanks | High impact resistance and toughness |
| ASME | SA516 Grade 70 | Oil storage, petrochemical vessels | High ductility, resistance to heat |
| JIS | SB410/SB450 | Small to medium pressure vessels | Corrosion and heat resistance |
Mechanical Properties
Pressure vessel steel plates must meet specific mechanical property requirements to ensure safety and durability. Below is a summary of key mechanical properties:
| Property | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 380 – 700 | The maximum stress the material can endure |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 200 – 550 | Stress at which permanent deformation begins |
| Elongation (%) | 20 – 35 | Indicates ductility and ability to deform under stress |
| Impact Toughness (J) | 27 – 60 (at -20°C or lower) | Required for low-temperature and shock-resistance |
| Hardness | 120 – 250 HB | Resistance to surface indentation or abrasion |
| Operating Temperature | -50°C to 600°C | Range for safe operation in extreme environments |
Comparison of Popular Grades
| Property | A516 Gr 70 | P355NH | A537 Cl 1 | SA516 Gr 60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 485 – 620 | 490 – 630 | 485 – 620 | 415 – 550 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 260 – 345 | 295 – 355 | 345 – 485 | 250 – 310 |
| Toughness (J) | 27 (at -20°C) | 40 (at -20°C) | 35 (at -40°C) | 27 (at -20°C) |
| Applications | High-pressure tanks | Cryogenic tanks | Heat exchangers | Boilers, tanks |
Key Standards and Specifications
Pressure vessel steel plates are produced to adhere to stringent international standards to ensure their safety and reliability. Common standards include:
- ASTM Standards: A516, A537, A285.
- ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC): Section II.
- EN Standards: EN 10028 (e.g., P265GH, P355NH).
- JIS Standards: JIS G3103 (SB410, SB450).
Important Considerations
- Material Certification: Always verify the steel plate’s mill certification for compliance with required standards.
- Weldability: Choose grades with low carbon equivalents for ease of welding.
- Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): Perform ultrasonic, magnetic particle, or radiographic testing to ensure integrity.
- Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT): Required for reducing residual stresses and improving toughness in welded components.
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